Patient (condition)
 
Aliases:
ASD

Topic aliases are alternate phrasings for a particular topic.


Four types:
1. Primum ASD
2. Secundum ASD
3. Sinus venosus ASD
4. Coronary sinus ASD
(5. Patent Foramen Ovale)

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Coronary sinus atrial septal defect -

"Coronary sinus ASD, also called an unroofed coronary sinus, results from an absence in the wall between the coronary sinus and the left atrium. This allows blood from the left atrium to drain into the right atrium via the coronary sinus. Persistent left SVC is also associated with this defect."

Andropolous. Anaesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease p3011

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Primum ASD -

"The primum ASD results from abnormalities in formation of the septum primum. It is frequently associated with atrio- ventricular canal (AVC) defects, especially the partial atrio- ventricular canal (PAVC) that includes a cleft in the anterior leaflet of the left atrioventricular valve. These AVC defects are due to defects in fusion of the endocardial cushions."

Andropolous. Anaesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease p3011

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Secundum atrial septal defect -

"The secundum ASD is contained within the area bordered by the limbus of the fossa ovalis. It results from an abnormal reabsorption of the septum primum or defective formation or shortening of the septum secundum. Combinations of these abnormalities may contribute to large defects."

Andropolous. Anaesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease p3011

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Sinus venosus atrial septal defect -

"Sinus venosus defects result from abnormal development of the septum secundum or the sinus venosus, the primitive venous collecting chamber. The most common type is located near the superior vena cava (SVC) orifice and is associated with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return ( PAPVR) involving the right upper and middle pulmonary veins.
Defects near the orifice of the inferior vena cava also exist and may involve PAPVR of the right lower pulmonary vein."

Andropolous. Anaesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease p3011

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Pure right to left flow across an ASD is unusual even if it is unrestricted.

#Cardiacconference #MC

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Pulmonary hypertension can occur in up
to 13% of unoperated patients younger than 10 years of age. Progression to Eisenmengers syndrome is unusual however.

Chang AC, Wells W, Jacobs J, Burke RP, Reddy M. Shunt lesions.

In: Chang AC, Hanley FL, Wernovsky G, Wessel D, eds. Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1998: 201–32.

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The increase in right atrial size may predispose to atrial arrhythmias, and patients with a Qp : Qs of 2 : 1 or less have an 11% incidence, whereas those with a Qp : Qs of 3 : 1 or greater have a 38% incidence of atrial arrhythmias.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubm...

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