Damping
Physics
 
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Critical Damping - where pressure returns to a steady state without oscillating (overshoot is just avoided) D=1

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Damping - The tendency of viscous and frictional forces to reduce the natural frequency of an oscillating system through the dissipation of energy.

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Optimal damping - 0.64 of critical damping coefficient.
1. Amplitude distortion is minimised,
2. Optimal frequency response secured, phase distortion minimised. (The tradeoff between the tendency to overshoot vs the response time.) approx 6% overshoot.

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Here is an example of an arterial pressure trace with progressively increasing damping.
Note the minimal change in the mean arterial pressure.

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