Drug
Aliases:
Topic aliases are alternate phrasings for a particular topic.
fludeoxyglucose
Fluoridated deoxyglucose
FDG
18F
18F-FDG
18F FDG
1
Radiopharmaceutical used in positron emission-tomography (PET).
Its chemical structure is 2-deoxy-2-(18F)fluoro-D-glucose, with the positron-emitting radioactive isotope fluorine-18 substituted for the normal hydroxyl group at the 2' position in the glucose molecule.
Its chemical structure is 2-deoxy-2-(18F)fluoro-D-glucose, with the positron-emitting radioactive isotope fluorine-18 substituted for the normal hydroxyl group at the 2' position in the glucose molecule.
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The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)
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FDG accumulates throughout the body in proportion to glucose metabolism. Because of high glycolytic rates, the brain and heart, post-prandially generally exhibit the highest accumulations. Other tissues that exhibit the potential for moderate glucose metabolic rates and therefore FDG uptake, are the liver, spleen, thyroid, gut and bone marrow. Active skeletal muscle will accumulate FDG; therefore, a relaxed state, especially in the early uptake phases, is necessary to minimize this uptake. Because of the urinary excretion of FDG, the urinary tract (e.g., kidneys, ureters, bladder) may exhibit intense FDG accumulations. FDG has been shown to accumulate in primary and metastatic tumors throughout the body. Accumulation of FDG in tumors may be related to the degree of tumor differentiation, the number of viable cancer cells present in the tumor, and possibly, the tumor proliferation rate and may also be related to the concentration of glucose transporters in the cell membrane
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Half life 110mins
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FDG is transported from blood to tissues in a manner similar to glucose and competes with glucose for hexokinase phosphorylation to FDG-6-phosphate. However, since FDG-6-phosphate is not a substrate for subsequent glucose metabolic pathways and has a very low membrane permeability, the FDG-6-phosphate becomes trapped in tissue in proportion to the rate of glycolysis or glucose utilization of that tissue.
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